拓扑材料中的超导

近来,人们在凝聚态体系中发现了由拓扑不变量定义的物相,其中最重要的有拓扑绝缘体、拓扑半金属和拓扑超导体等.这些物相的拓扑性质由非平凡的拓扑数描述,相应的材料被称为拓扑材料,具有诸多新奇的物理特性.其中拓扑超导体由于边界上有满足非阿贝尔统计的Majorana零能模,成为实现拓扑量子计算的主要候选材料.除了探索本征的拓扑超导体外,由于拓扑性质上的相似性,在不超导的拓扑材料中调制出超导自然成为了实现拓扑超导的重要手段.目前,人们发展了栅极调制、掺杂、高压、近邻效应调制和硬针尖点接触等多种技术,已经成功地在许多拓扑绝缘体和半金属中诱导出了超导,并对超导的拓扑性和Majorana零能模进行了研究.本文回顾了本征拓扑超导候选材料,以及拓扑绝缘体和半金属中诱导出超导的代表性工作,评述了不同实验手段的优势和缺陷、分析了其超导拓扑性的证据,并提出展望.     

基于波长调制-直接吸收光谱方法的CO分子1567 nm处谱线参数高精度标定

直接吸收光谱(DAS)可直接测量分子吸收率函数,并通过拟合吸收率函数确定待测气体参数.波长调制-直接吸收光谱(WM-DAS)在DAS基础上,结合了波长调制光谱(WMS)中谐波分析思想,利用傅里叶变换复现吸收率函数,可有效提高吸收率函数的测量精度.本文利用WM-DAS方法结合长光程气体吸收池,在室温低压条件下,对CO分子1567 nm处R5-R11近红外弱吸收谱线吸收率函数进行了精确复现,其拟合残差标准差低至3×10^-5,随后根据测得的吸收率函数对谱线的碰撞展宽、Dicke收敛以及速度依赖的碰撞展宽系数等光谱参数进行了高精度标定,并将其与高灵敏度的连续波腔衰荡光谱(CW-CRDS)测量结果进行了比较,实验结果表明该方法与CW-CRDS测量结果具有高度一致性,更具有系统简单、测量速度快、对环境要求低等优点.     

离子对反相高效液相色谱法同时测定尿液中复方α-酮酸片的5种有效成分

建立了同时测定尿液中复方α-酮酸片5种有效成分(消旋羟蛋氨酸钙(HMACa)、酮缬氨酸钙(KVCa)、消旋酮异亮氨酸钙(KILCa)、酮亮氨酸钙(KLCa)和酮苯丙氨酸钙(KPACa))的离子对反相高效液相色谱法。分别考察了离子对试剂浓度、缓冲盐浓度和流动相pH值等参数对分离情况的影响。最终采用Waters Symmetry C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);以乙腈和含15 mmol/L四丁基氢氧化铵的20 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min;柱温为35℃;检测波长为210 nm。在上述条件下,5种有效成分得到很好的分离,并且不受尿液中内源性基质的干扰,在20~200 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999 0);HMACa、KVCa、KILCa、KLCa和KPACa的检出限(S/N=3)分别为3.0、5.0、3.6、5.7和2.5 mg/L;定量限(S/N=10)分别为9.6、16.7、12.0、19.0和8.3 mg/L;日间、日内精密度均小于7%;平均回收率在86.79%~112.00%之间,RSD小于9%(n=5)。该方法准确,灵敏度高,重现性好,适用于尿液中这5种有效成分的检测。     

Surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine

Progress in surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)is summarized with regard to organic molecules,macromolecules and inorganic materials.Many researchers are now devoted to synthesizing new types of multi-functional MNPs,which show great application potential in both diagnosis and treatment of disease.By employing an ever-greater variety of surface modification techniques,MNPs can satisfy more and more of the demands of medical practice in areas like magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),fluorescent marking,cell targeting,and drug delivery.     

结合VEC和信心水平分析Black-Litterman投资组合模型

在理论上通过推导得出了Black-Litterman模型(B-L模型)最优权重与信心水平的关系式.实证部分开创性地将多元时间序列VEC模型运用到B-L模型的观点收益预测中.结果表明:且通过向量误差修正模型,实证取得了较好的效果.在任意一种做空限制下,随着信心水平在0%~70%水平上升,收益率有连续上升的趋势,并逐渐趋稳;风险有并不明显的下降的趋势.对同一信心水平而言,随做空限制的放宽,收益率有上升趋势.     

反三角函数的解析式及其应用

从反函数的定义出发,给出了几个三角函数在定义域内某个单调区间上反函数的解析式,并应用它们对几道习题进行了解答.     

One-pot Synthesis,Crystal Structures and Antimicrobial Activities of Two New 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole-4-Carboxylates

Two new 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles-4-carboxylates were synthesized via click reaction. Compound 1a was synthesized by the interaction of 6-nitro-tetrazolo[1.5-a]-pyridine with ethyl propynoate at room temperature in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 as a catalyst and THF as solvent. Compound 1b was also synthesized by the same manner except that tert-butyl propionate, instead of ethyl propynoate, was used. The compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1a(C10H9N5O4) crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.0894(9), b = 8.9834(13), c = 13.089(2) ?, α= 83.041(7), β= 80.256(7), γ=87.296(8)°, V = 585.24(16)?3, Z = 2, Mr = 263.22, crystal size(mm) = 0.37 × 0.20 ×0.18,(I 2σ(I)) = 8557, 2493, 1229, Rint = 0.057. Compound 1b(C12H13N5O4) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 6.8854(5), b = 21.783(2), c = 9.3986(8) ?,β = 93.239(4)°, V = 1407.4(2)?3, Z = 4, Mr = 291.27, crystal size(mm) = 0.38 × 0.22 × 0.20,(I 2σ(I)) = 11842, 3172, 1866, Rint = 0.047. Antimicrobial assay results showed that the title compounds display excellent activities to different bacterial and fungal strains.     

Synthesis,self-assembly and photo-responsive behavior of AB2 shaped amphiphilic azo block copolymer

In this work, we report the synthesis of AB2 shaped amphiphilic azo block copolymer by macromolecular azo coupling reaction. The product and intermediates were characterized by various methods. The selfassembly in selected solvents and photo-responsive behavior of the copolymer were studied by means of UV–vis spectrophotometry and TEM. Spherical aggregates can be obtained by gradually adding water into the solution of this amphiphilic azo block copolymer. Upon irradiation with polarized UV(365 nm)light, the aggregates can be elongated in the polarized direction.     

CdS quantum dot sensitized p-type NiO as photocathode with integrated cobaloxime in photoelectrochemical cell for water splitting

CdS sensitized NiO electrode was used as the photoactive cathode in a photoelectrochemical cell for water splitting,avoiding the use of a sacrificial electron donor.Photocurrent increment under visible light irradiation was observed after integration of[Co（dmgH）₂（4-Me-py）Cl]（1） to the photocathode,suggesting 1 could accept electrons from photoexcited CdS for water reduction and NiO could move the holes in the valence band of CdS to anode for water oxidation.